DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF QUANTUM DOT SOLAR CELLS FOR ENHANCED EFFICIENCY IN PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS

Abstract

This study investigates the design, optimization, and performance of quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs) with the goal of enhancing their efficiency for photovoltaic applications. Quantum dots (QDs) of varying compositions, including CdSe, PbS, CuInS2, and CdTe, were synthesized and incorporated into solar cell devices. Among these, CdSe-based QDSCs exhibited the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.4%, outperforming the other materials. The study also explored the impact of fabrication methods, revealing that spin-coating provided superior results compared to drop-casting and inkjet printing, achieving the best device performance. Laboratory tests at room temperature revealed QDSC efficiency degradation amounted to 5.8% during six months of exposure to high temperature and continuous light. Additionally, humidity also caused degradation issues in these cells.  Computer simulations show that enhancing materials would maximize light-to-energy conversion efficiency although experimental results have already been achieved.  Research findings demonstrate quantum dot solar cells have potential to function as an effective silicon-based solar cell alternative yet additional research is needed for long-term performance improvement and stability enhancement and scale up capabilities.  The investigation introduces significant novel insights into QDSC stability and performance elements which serve as a basis for future improvements seeking commercial deployment.